1Rebbi Ḥanan said, the log of the Torah is the old Sepphorean eighth of fish sauce. Rebbi Jonah said, I know it. In the House of Shammai 46 Anachronistic misreading for “House of R. Yannai.” they were measuring honey with it. It was stated, half of the old Tiberian eighth. Rebbi Joḥanan said, this one we used. Why did he call it the old one? Because it was in his days. Some are saying, it was small, then was enlarged. But some are saying, it was diminished more than before. What is the measure of a cup? Rebbi Yose in the name of Rebbi Yose ben Pazi, Rebbi Yose ben Bevin in the name of Samuel: Two fingers by two fingers high a finger and a half and a third of a finger. The rabbis of Caesarea in the name of Rebbi Yose bar Bevin in the name of Samuel: Rebbi Nathan follows Rebbi Simeon. Just as Rebbi Simeon says, a quartarius , so Rebbi Nathan says, a quartarius , when it jells it will have the volume of an olive.
2Rebbi Simon in the name of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi: It happened that a mule of Rebbi’s household died and they declared its blood pure regarding the carcass. Rebbi Eleazar asked Rebbi Simon, how much? He did not take notice of him. He asked Rebbi Joshua ben Levi who told him, it is pure up to a quartarius . More than that is impure. Rebbi Eleazar felt badly that Rebbi Simon had not repeated the tradition to him. Rav Beva was sitting stating this occurrence. Rebbi Isaac bar Bisna asked him, is it pure up to a quartarius ; more than that impure? He was unfriendly to him. Rebbi Zeriqa asked him, because he asked you, you were unfriendly to him? He answered him, because my mind was not clear, I was unfriendly to him, as Rebbi Ḥanan said, 47 Deut . 28:66 . your life will hang far from you , that is one who buys a year’s supply of wheat, you will be fearful night and day , that is one who buys from the Saracen, and you will not believe in your survival , that is one who buys from the retail store, and I am dependent on retail stores. What about it? “Rebbi Joshua ben Bathyra testified about blood of carcasses that it is pure.” What means pure? It is pure in the flesh 47a Defective copy from Šabbat : הבשר instead of הֶכְשֵׁר “in that it does not prepare for impurity”. , but for impurity it makes impure. There, we have stated “The blood of a crawling animal is like its flesh, it makes impure but does not prepare. Nothing else is like this,” in the amount needed that its blood makes impure like its flesh. Rav Yose said, two Amoraim disagree, one says impure, and one says pure. He who says “impure” follows Rebbi Jehudah; he of “pure” follows Rebbi Joshua ben Bathyra. Rav Abuha of Iman the sister of 48 Unintelligible misreading of the text in Šabbat. Rebbi Jehudah was the instructor of the Patriarch.]
3[“Lest he become poor and people would say,” etc.] Rebbi Ismael stated, a curly head should not disburse because of the suspicion 49 That he might hide some coins in his hair. . It was stated, “the treasurers were rubbing with Cilician cloth.” It was stated, “they were talking with him from the time he entered to the time he left. 50 Tosephta 2:2 . Cilician cloth was made from goats’ hair. They were checking that he had no coins on his body, and talking with him so that he could not put any coins in his mouth. ” Should he not fill his mouth with water? Rebbi Tanḥuma said, because of the benediction 51 If he entered with his mouth full of water and left with his mouth full of water it would be clear that he could not have hidden any coins there. It is absolutely unclear to what R. Tanḥuma refers. While the root תרם means “to lift heave”, and giving heave needs a benediction, the use of the word cannot make disbursing other people’s contributions equal to dedicating from one’s own property; the obligation of dedicating heave with a benediction cannot reasonably be extended to the act of disbursing. (against the explanation by R. Eliahu Fulda on the authority of R. David Oppenheim.) It would be unavoidable that the disburser swallow some drops of water, but this does not require any benediction for the water as food. .
4Rebbi Samuel bar Naḥman in the name of Rebbi Jonathan: In the Torah, in Prophets, and in Hagiographs we find that a person had to be innocent in the eyes of people just as he has to be innocent in the eyes of the Omnipresent. In the Torah from where? As it is written, 35 Num . 32:22 . y ou have to be blameless before the Eternal and before Israel . In Prophets from where? As it is written 52 Jos. 22:22 . , The Power, God, Eternal, the Power, God, Eternal, He knows, and Israel has to know . In Hagiographs from where? As it is written 36 Prov . 3:4 . , find grace and understanding in the eyes of God and man. Gamaliel the twin asked Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun, which one is the clearest 52a B: The most stringent. of all of these? He answered him, y ou have to be blameless before the Eternal and before Israel .
5MISHNAH: A member of the household of Rabban Gamliel was entering with his sheqel between his fingers and threw it before the disburser 53 Chapter 2, Note 35 . . The disburser was directing it and threw it into the box. The disburser only starts disbursing after he asked, “shall I disburse”? And they 54 The treasurers standing outside. answer him, “disburse, disburse, disburse,” three times. He disburses the first time and covers it with cushions 57 Greek καταβολή “support, cushion”. , the second time and covers it with cushions. The third time he was not covering 58 He covers the coins remaining in the lodge where the receipts for the sheqalim are kept. As explained in the Mishnah, the monies taken on the first of Nisan are from the contributions of the Land of Israel, those taken before Pentecost are from neighboring countries and those at the end of Elul from Babylonia, Persia, and other far countries. Monies not used for sacrifices are used for other expenses as explained in the next Chapter. In order to give due credit, the monies should not be mixed even though in an emergency one can have regress on those already labelled as surplus. . Why did he cover? That he should not forget and disburse from anything which already had been disbursed. The first time he disbursed in the name of the Land of Israel, the second time in the name of nearby walled cities 58a Jewish settlemens in Syria and Egypt. , and the third time in the name of Babylonia, in the name of Media, and in the name of distant countries.