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Shabbat 148a

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Babylonian Talmud · folio map

Shabbat 148a

Shabbat 148a. The full printed text of this folio side — 8 numbered segments, about 334 words — with the classic commentaries printed on the page.

Original text

Segment 1

הֲלָכָה: מַחֲזִירִין אֶת הַשֶּׁבֶר. רַבָּה בַּר בַּר חָנָה אִיקְּלַע לְפוּמְבְּדִיתָא, לָא עָל לְפִירְקֵיהּ דְּרַב יְהוּדָה. שַׁדְּרֵיהּ לַאֲדָא דַּיָּילָא, אֲמַר לֵיהּ: זִיל גַּרְבֵּיהּ. אֲזַל גַּרְבֵּיהּ. אֲתָא, אַשְׁכְּחֵיהּ דְּקָא דָרֵישׁ: אֵין מַחֲזִירִין אֶת הַשֶּׁבֶר. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָכִי אָמַר רַב חָנָא בַּגְדָּתָאָה אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: הֲלָכָה — מַחֲזִירִין אֶת הַשֶּׁבֶר. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָא חָנָא דִּידַן, וְהָא שְׁמוּאֵל דִּידַן, וְלָא שְׁמִיעַ לִי — וְלָאו בְּדִינָא גְּרַבְתָּיךְ?!

The halakha is that one may reset a break on Shabbat, which was the ruling in Shmuel’s version of the mishna. The Gemara relates that Rabba bar bar Ḥana happened to come to Pumbedita and he did not enter Rav Yehuda’s lecture. Rav Yehuda sent for Adda, his attendant, and said to him: Go drag him to the lecture. He went and dragged him forcibly to the lecture (Rabbeinu Ḥananel). Rabba bar bar Ḥana came and found Rav Yehuda teaching that one may not reset a break on Shabbat. He said to him: This is what Rav Ḥana of Baghdad said that Shmuel said: The halakha is that one may reset a break on Shabbat. Rav Yehuda said to him: Ḥana is ours, a Babylonian scholar, and Shmuel is ours, and nevertheless, I did not yet hear this halakha ; did I not rightfully drag you to the lecture?

Segment 2

מִי שֶׁנִּפְרְקָה יָדוֹ כּוּ׳. רַב אַוְיָא הֲוָה יָתֵיב קַמֵּיהּ דְּרַב יוֹסֵף, שַׁנְיָא לֵיהּ יְדֵיהּ. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הָכִי מַאי? אָסוּר. וְהָכִי מַאי? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אָסוּר. אַדְּהָכִי אִיתְּפַח יְדֵיהּ.

We learned in the mishna that one whose hand was dislocated may not treat it by vigorously moving it about in water. The Gemara relates that Rav Avya was once sitting before Rav Yosef and his hand became dislocated. Rav Avya then displayed a variety of hand positions and he said to him: What is the ruling with regard to this? Am I permitted to place my hand in this way, or is it a violation of the prohibition against healing on Shabbat? Rav Yosef said to him: It is prohibited. Rav Avya again asked: And what is the ruling if I position my hand in this way? Rav Yosef said to him: It is prohibited. In the meantime, his hand was restored to its proper location and was healed.

Segment 3

אֲמַר לֵיהּ: מַאי תִּיבְּעֵי לָךְ, הָא תְּנַן: מִי שֶׁנִּפְרְקָה יָדוֹ אוֹ רַגְלוֹ — לֹא יִטְרְפֵם בְּצוֹנֵן, אֲבָל רוֹחֵץ כְּדַרְכּוֹ, וְאִם נִתְרַפֵּא — נִתְרַפֵּא. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: וְלָא תְּנַן: ״אֵין מַחֲזִירִין אֶת הַשֶּׁבֶר״, וְאָמַר רַב חָנָא בַּגְדָּתָאָהּ אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: הֲלָכָה — מַחֲזִירִין אֶת הַשֶּׁבֶר! אֲמַר לֵיהּ: כּוּלְּהוּ בַּחֲדָא מְחִיתָא מְחִיתִּנְהוּ?! הֵיכָא דְּאִיתְּמַר — אִיתְּמַר, הֵיכָא דְּלָא אִיתְּמַר — לָא אִיתְּמַר.

Rav Yosef said to him: What is your dilemma? We learned in our mishna that one whose hand or foot was dislocated on Shabbat may not vigorously move it about in cold water; however, he may rinse it in the usual manner, and if it is healed, it is healed. Rav Avya said to him: That is no proof, as didn’t we learn in our mishna that one may not reset a break, and Rav Ḥana of Baghdad said that Shmuel said that the halakha is that one may indeed reset a broken bone. Therefore, perhaps a dislocated limb may also be treated on Shabbat. Rav Yosef said to him: Were all these woven together in a single weave? Where it was stated that an alternative version of the mishna exists, it was stated; where it was not stated, it was not stated. Therefore, the ruling of the mishna with regard to a dislocated limb must be observed.

Segment 4

הדרן עלך חבית

MISHNA: One may borrow jugs of wine and jugs of oil from another on Shabbat, as long as one does not say the following to him: Loan me. And similarly, a woman may borrow from another loaves of bread on Shabbat. And if the lender does not trust him that he will return them, the borrower may leave his cloak with him as collateral and make the proper calculation with him after Shabbat. And similarly, on the eve of Passover in Jerusalem, when it occurs on Shabbat, one who is procuring a Paschal lamb may leave his cloak with him, i.e., the person from whom he is purchasing it, and take the lamb to bring as his Paschal lamb, and then make the proper calculation with him after the Festival.

Segment 5

מַתְנִי׳ שׁוֹאֵל אָדָם מֵחֲבֵירוֹ כַּדֵּי יַיִן וְכַדֵּי שֶׁמֶן, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יֹאמַר לוֹ ״הַלְוֵינִי״. וְכֵן הָאִשָּׁה מֵחֲבֶירְתָּהּ כִּכָּרוֹת. וְאִם אֵינוֹ מַאֲמִינוֹ — מַנִּיחַ טַלִּיתוֹ אֶצְלוֹ, וְעוֹשֶׂה עִמּוֹ חֶשְׁבּוֹן לְאַחַר שַׁבָּת. וְכֵן עֶרֶב פֶּסַח בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם שֶׁחָל לִהְיוֹת בְּשַׁבָּת, מַנִּיחַ טַלִּיתוֹ אֶצְלוֹ, וְנוֹטֵל אֶת פִּסְחוֹ, וְעוֹשֶׂה עִמּוֹ חֶשְׁבּוֹן לְאַחַר יוֹם טוֹב.

GEMARA: It was taught in the mishna that one is permitted to borrow jugs from another on Shabbat, but one may not use the phrase loan me. Rava bar Rav Ḥanan said to Abaye: What is different about the expression let me borrow, that makes it permitted? And what is different about the expression loan me that makes it prohibited? He said to him: If someone says let me borrow, the lender will not come to write down the loan because the expression indicates that the borrower intends to return the object in its current state within a short amount of time. On the other hand, the expression loan me indicates a more extended loan in which the object is not necessarily returned in exactly the same manner in which it was taken. Therefore, the lender will come to write down the terms of the loan.

Segment 6

גְּמָ׳ אֲמַר לֵיהּ רָבָא בַּר רַב חָנָן לְאַבָּיֵי: מַאי שְׁנָא הַשְׁאִילֵנִי, וּמַאי שְׁנָא הַלְוֵינִי? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הַשְׁאִילֵנִי — לָא אָתֵי לְמִיכְתַּב, הַלְוֵינִי — אָתֵי לְמִיכְתַּב.

Rava bar Rav Ḥanan challenged Abaye’s answer: But since on weekdays there are times one intends to say loan me and instead says let me borrow, and the lender is not particular about his imprecise terminology and he comes to write down the terms of the loan, on Shabbat he will also come to write. Abaye said to him: On a weekday, when there is no difference if one says loan me or let me borrow, lenders are not particular about his terminology, and the lender will therefore come to write down the terms of the loan. On Shabbat, since only the expression let me borrow was allowed by the Sages, while the expression loan me was not permitted, the matter is recognizable. Both of the parties must bear in mind which terminology is acceptable, and the lender will not come to write.

Segment 7

וְהָא כֵּיוָן דִּבְחוֹל, זִימְנִין דְּבָעֵי לְמֵימַר לֵיהּ ״הַלְוֵינִי״ וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ ״הַשְׁאִילֵנִי״ וְלָא קָפֵיד עִילָּוֵיהּ — וְאָתֵי לְמִיכְתַּב, בְּשַׁבָּת נָמֵי אָתֵי לְמִיכְתַּב! אֲמַר לֵיהּ: (בְּחוֹל, דְּלָא שְׁנָא כִּי אֲמַר לֵיהּ ״הַלְוֵינִי״ לָא שְׁנָא כִּי אֲמַר לֵיהּ ״הַשְׁאִילֵנִי״, לָא קָפְדִינַן עִילָּוֵיהּ — אָתֵי לְמִיכְתַּב.) בְּשַׁבָּת כֵּיוָן דְּ״הַשְׁאִילֵנִי״ הוּא דְּשָׁרוּ לֵיהּ רַבָּנַן, ״הַלְוֵינִי״ לָא שָׁרוּ לֵיהּ — מִינַּכְרָא מִילְּתָא, וְלָא אָתֵי לְמִיכְתַּב.

Rava bar Rav Ḥanan said to Abaye: Now, since the Sages said that with regard to all matters of a Festival, as much as we can change the way we do things from the manner in which we do them on weekdays, we change, these women who fill their pitchers with water, what is the reason they do not change the way they draw water from their normal weekday procedure? Abaye answers: Because it is not possible to change the procedure. How would they do it differently? If you say that those who normally fill a large pitcher should fill a small pitcher on a Festival, they would thereby add to their walking and expend extra effort. Conversely, if those who normally fill a small pitcher would fill a large pitcher on a Festival, they would thereby add to the weight of their load. Even though these methods are different from the norm, they would cause added exertion. Therefore, the Sages did not require that one draw water in an unusual fashion.

Segment 8

אֲמַר לֵיהּ רָבָא בַּר רַב חָנָן לְאַבָּיֵי: מִכְּדֵי אֲמַרוּ רַבָּנַן: כׇּל מִילֵּי דְּיוֹם טוֹב כַּמָּה דְּאֶפְשָׁר לְשַׁנּוֹיֵי מְשַׁנִּינַן, הָנֵי נְשֵׁי דְּמָלְיָין חַצְבַיְיהוּ מַיָּא, מַאי טַעְמָא לָא מְשַׁנְּיָן? מִשּׁוּם דְּלָא אֶפְשָׁר: הֵיכִי לַעֲבֵיד? דְּמָלְיָין בְּחַצְבָּא רַבָּא, לִימְלוֹ בְּחַצְבָּא זוּטָא — הָא קָא מַפְּשׁוּ בְּהִילּוּכָא. דְּמָלְיָין בְּחַצְבָּא זוּטָא, לִימְלוֹ בְּחַצְבָּא רַבָּא — קָא מַפְּשׁוּ בְּמַשּׂוֹי.

Shabbat 148a

Shabbat 148a

Rashi

Tosafot

Rabbeinu Chananel

Rashba

Meiri

Maharsha (Chidushei Halachot)

Maharam

Gilyon HaShas

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