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Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 169
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Read the full text in the readerOrach Chayim Siman 169
Orach Chayim Siman 169 is a source-text unit from the Shulchan Arukh with 3 seifim. Its reading map separates the practical rule, its conditions and the points that need comparison with the surrounding text.
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Look for a turn toward a more precise resolution, leadership, kingship and public responsibility, charity, care and communal responsibility. The source text remains the primary evidence; this note offers a structured way to enter it rather than replacing close reading.
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Original text
<b>דין שמש הסעודה. ובו ג סעיפים:</b><br>כל דבר שמביאין לפני האדם שיש לו ריח והאדם תאב לו צריך ליתן ממנו לשמש מיד ומדת חסידות הוא ליתן לו מיד מכל מין ומין ולא יתן לו כל זמן שהכוס בידו או ביד ב"ה [ודוקא לשמש אבל לאחר שבסעודה מותר ליתן בכי האי גונא] הר"י ס"פ אלו דברים ואסור ליתן לו פרוסת פת אא"כ יודע בו שנטל ידיו:
Anything that is brought before a person that has a fragrance and the person desires it, one must give from it to the meal attendant immediately. And it is a pious practice to give to him immediately from every type. And one should not give to him while the cup is in his hand or in the hand of the host. [And this is specifically regarding the attendant, but regarding another person at the meal, it is permitted to give in this manner.] R' Yonah, chapter "Elu Devarim." And it is forbidden to give him a piece of bread unless he knows that he has washed his hands.
לא יתן לאכול אלא למי שיודע בו שיברך. ויש מקילין אם נותן לעני בתורת צדקה [הר"י ס"פ אלו דברים]:
He should not give [food] to eat except to one whom he knows will recite a blessing. And some are lenient if he gives to a poor person as charity [Rabbi Yonah, beginning of chapter 'Elu Devarim'].
השמש מברך בורא פרי הגפן על (כל) כוס וכוס שיתנו לו לפי שהוא כנמלך וברכה אחרונה אינו מברך אלא לבסוף ואינו צריך לברך על כל פרוסה ופרוסה אם יש אדם חשוב בסעודה שיודע שיתנו לו כל צרכו מפת ואם אין אדם חשוב בסעודה צריך לברך על כל פרוסה ופרוסה כמו על היין: הגה שנים שהיו אוכלין ביחד השמש אוכל עמהם בלא נטילת רשות כדי שיצטרפו לזמון [וע"ל סי' ק"ע סכ"א]:
The servant recites the blessing "who creates the fruit of the vine" over each and every cup that is given to him, because he is like a king. He recites the final blessing only at the end. He does not need to recite a blessing over each piece of bread if there is an important person at the meal, since he knows they will give him all the bread he needs. But if there is no important person at the meal, he must recite a blessing over each piece of bread, just as he does over the wine. Rema: When two people are eating together, the servant may eat with them without asking permission, so that they may join together for zimmun. [See below, section 170:21]
English translation: Sefaria Community Translation · CC0