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Shabbat 143a

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Babylonian Talmud · folio map

Shabbat 143a

Shabbat 143a. The full printed text of this folio side — 15 numbered segments, about 273 words — with the classic commentaries printed on the page.

Original text

Segment 1

הָתָם כֵּיוָן דְּמַסְרַח, דַּעְתֵּיהּ עִילָּוֵיהּ מֵאֶתְמוֹל.

The Gemara answers: There, since the intestines will putrefy as time passes, they are on his mind from yesterday. Since Shabbat eve, he has had in mind to feed them to the cat.

Segment 2

הָכִי נָמֵי מִסְתַּבְּרָא דְּרָבָא כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה סְבִירָא לֵיהּ, דְּדָרֵשׁ רָבָא: אִשָּׁה לֹא תִּכָּנֵס לְבֵית הָעֵצִים לִיטּוֹל מֵהֶן אוּד. וְאוּד שֶׁנִּשְׁבַּר — אָסוּר לְהַסִּיקוֹ בְּיוֹם טוֹב, לְפִי שֶׁמַּסִּיקִין בְּכֵלִים וְאֵין מַסִּיקִין בְּשִׁבְרֵי כֵלִים. שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ.

The Gemara adds: So too, it is reasonable to say that Rava holds in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Yehuda, as Rava taught: A woman may not enter the wood storehouse to take a wooden poker to stoke a fire on a Festival. And with regard to a poker that broke, it is prohibited to kindle a fire with it on a Festival, as one may kindle a fire on a Festival with vessels that may be moved, but one may not kindle a fire with broken vessels that broke during the Festival. They are set-aside and prohibited. Conclude from it that Rava ruled in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Yehuda with regard to the halakhot of set-aside.

Segment 3

מַתְנִי׳ בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים: מַעֲבִירִין מֵעַל הַשֻּׁלְחָן עֲצָמוֹת וּקְלִיפִּין. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים: מְסַלֵּק אֶת הַטַּבְלָא כּוּלָּהּ וּמְנַעֲרָהּ.

MISHNA: Beit Shammai say: One may clear bones and shells left from the Shabbat meal from the table with his hand. And Beit Hillel say: One may remove the entire board [ tavla ] that is the table surface and shake the bones and shells off of it, but he may not lift them with his hand because they are set-aside and may not be moved.

Segment 4

מַעֲבִירִין מִלִּפְנֵי הַשֻּׁלְחָן פֵּירוּרִין פָּחוֹת מִכְּזַיִת, וְשֵׂעָר שֶׁל אֲפוּנִין וּשְׂעַר עֲדָשִׁים, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מַאֲכַל בְּהֵמָה.

One may clear bread crumbs from the table, even if they are less than an olive-bulk, and pea and lentil pods. Even though it is not fit for human consumption, it may be moved because it is animal fodder.

Segment 5

סְפוֹג, אִם יֵשׁ לוֹ עוֹר בֵּית אֲחִיזָה — מְקַנְּחִין בּוֹ, וְאִם לָאו — אֵין מְקַנְּחִין בּוֹ. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: בֵּין כָּךְ וּבֵין כָּךְ נִיטָּל בְּשַׁבָּת, וְאֵינוֹ מְקַבֵּל טוּמְאָה.

With regard to a sponge, if it has leather as a handle, one may wipe the table with it, and if not, one may not wipe the table with it lest he come to squeeze liquid from it. And the Rabbis say: Both this, a dry sponge with a handle, and that, one without a handle, may be moved on Shabbat and it does not become ritually impure. A sponge is not among the substances that can become ritually impure, neither by Torah law nor by rabbinic decree.

Segment 6

גְּמָ׳ אָמַר רַב נַחְמָן: אָנוּ אֵין לָנוּ אֶלָּא: בֵּית שַׁמַּאי כְּרַבִּי יְהוּדָה, וּבֵית הִלֵּל כְּרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן.

GEMARA: Rav Naḥman said: Reverse the two opinions, as we have only Beit Shammai in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Yehuda, who prohibits moving set-aside items, and Beit Hillel in accordance with the opinion of Rabbi Shimon, who permits doing so.

Segment 7

מַעֲבִירִין מִלִּפְנֵי הַשֻּׁלְחָן פֵּירוּרִין. מְסַיַּיע לֵיהּ לְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן, דְּאָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן: פֵּירוּרִין שֶׁאֵין בָּהֶן כְּזַיִת — אָסוּר לְאַבְּדָן בַּיָּד.

We learned in the mishna: One may clear bread crumbs from the table. The Gemara comments: This supports the opinion of Rabbi Yoḥanan, as Rabbi Yoḥanan said: With regard to crumbs that are less than an olive-bulk, it is prohibited to destroy them by hand in deference to the food.

Segment 8

שֵׂעָר שֶׁל אֲפוּנִין. מַנִּי? — רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן הִיא, דְּלֵית לֵיהּ מוּקְצֶה.

We learned in the mishna: One may clear pea and lentil pods from the table on Shabbat. The Gemara asks: Whose opinion is it in the mishna? It is the opinion of Rabbi Shimon, who is not of the opinion that there is a prohibition of set-aside.

Segment 9

אֵימָא סֵיפָא: סְפוֹג, אִם יֵשׁ לוֹ בֵּית אֲחִיזָה — מְקַנְּחִין בּוֹ, וְאִם לָאו אֵין מְקַנְּחִין בּוֹ. אֲתָאן לְרַבִּי יְהוּדָה, דְּאָמַר: דָּבָר שֶׁאֵין מִתְכַּוֵּין — אָסוּר!

Say the latter clause of the mishna: With regard to a sponge, if it has leather as a handle, one may wipe the table with it, and if not, one may not wipe the table with it. We have arrived at the opinion of Rabbi Yehuda, who said: An unintentional act is prohibited, as he certainly does not intend to squeeze liquid from the sponge.

Segment 10

בְּהָא אֲפִילּוּ רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן מוֹדֶה, דְּאַבָּיֵי וְרָבָא דְּאָמְרִי תַּרְוַיְיהוּ: מוֹדֶה רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בִּ״פְסִיק רֵישֵׁיהּ וְלָא יְמוּת״.

The Gemara answers: In that case, even Rabbi Shimon agrees that it is prohibited, as it is Abaye and Rava who both say: Rabbi Shimon agrees in a case of: Cut off its head will it not die, i.e., inevitable consequences. When the prohibited outcome that ensues from the unintentional action is inevitable, Rabbi Shimon agrees that it is prohibited. Squeezing liquid from a sponge is an inevitable consequence.

Segment 11

הָנֵי גַּרְעִינִין דְּתַמְרֵי אֲרַמָּיָיתָא שְׁרוּ לְטַלְטוֹלִינְהוּ, הוֹאִיל וְחַזְיָין אַגַּב אִמָּן. וּדְפָרְסְיָיתָא — אָסוּר.

With regard to those pits of Aramean dates, which are low quality and occasionally fed to animals, it is permitted to move the pits since they are fit for use due to their origin, i.e., the dates that were prepared as animal feed beforehand. And moving pits of Persian dates is prohibited. Since those dates are high quality and are not prepared for animals, their pits, too, are not prepared for that use.

Segment 12

שְׁמוּאֵל מְטַלְטֵל לְהוּ אַגַּב רִיפְתָּא. (שרנ״ם שפ״ז סִימָן.) שְׁמוּאֵל לְטַעְמֵיהּ, דְּאָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: עוֹשֶׂה אָדָם כׇּל צָרְכּוֹ בְּפַת.

The Gemara relates that Shmuel would carry them along with bread. The letters shin , resh , nun , mem , shin , peh , zayin are a mnemonic of the Sages whose opinions are cited below: Shmuel, Rabba, Huna, Ameimar, Sheshet, Pappa, Zekharya. The Gemara comments: Shmuel’s statement is consistent with his reasoning, as Shmuel said: A man may perform all his needs with bread. As long as the bread remains edible, he need not be concerned that he is treating the bread contemptuously.

Segment 13

רַבָּה מְטַלְטֵל לְהוּ אַגַּב לָקָנָא דְמַיָּא. רַב הוּנָא בְּרֵיהּ דְּרַב יְהוֹשֻׁעַ עָבֵיד לְהוּ כִּגְרָף שֶׁל רֶיעִי. אֲמַר לֵיהּ רַב אָשֵׁי לְאַמֵּימָר: וְכִי עוֹשִׂין גְּרָף שֶׁל רֶיעִי לְכַתְּחִילָּה?

Rabba would move them along with a pitcher of water. Rav Huna, son of Rav Yehoshua, would render them a chamber pot with excrement. The Sages permitted moving repulsive vessels. Here, too, he would collect all the date pits and then move them out because they were disgusting. Rav Ashi said to Ameimar: And may one create a chamber pot with excrement ab initio ? Although the Sages permitted moving a container of excrement, they did not permit creating one ab initio so that it would be permitted to move it.

Segment 14

רַב שֵׁשֶׁת זָרֵיק לְהוּ בְּלִישָּׁנֵיהּ. רַב פָּפָּא זָרֵיק לְהוּ אֲחוֹרֵי הַמִּטָּה. אָמְרוּ עָלָיו עַל רַבִּי זְכַרְיָה בֶּן אַבְקוּלָס שֶׁהָיָה מַחֲזִיר פָּנָיו אֲחוֹרֵי הַמִּטָּה וְזוֹרְקָן.

Rav Sheshet would dispose of the pits with his tongue. Rav Pappa would dispose of them behind the divan on which he sat while eating because he did not want to move them in another manner. They said about Rabbi Zekharya ben Avkolas that he would turn his face toward the back of the divan and dispose of them.

Segment 15

הדרן עלך נוטל אדם את בנו

Shabbat 143a

Shabbat 143a

Rashi

Tosafot

Rav Nissim Gaon

Rabbeinu Chananel

Rashba

Meiri

Maharsha (Chidushei Halachot)

Maharam

Chiddushei Rabbi Akiva Eiger

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