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    Shulchan Arukh, Yoreh De'ah 353

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    Shulchan Arukh · source analysis

    Yoreh De'ah Siman 353

    Yoreh De'ah Siman 353 is a source-text unit from the Shulchan Arukh with 7 seifim. Its reading map separates the practical rule, its conditions and the points that need comparison with the surrounding text.

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    A unit-by-unit map of all 7 seifim on this page: opening words, the moves the text actually makes and a link back to that exact seif.

    1. Seif 132 words

      Opens “היאך מוציאין מת גדול או קטן ובאיזו…”

    2. Seif 28 words

      Opens “אין מניחין ספר תורה על מטתו של…”

    3. Seif 316 words

      Opens “כבודו של חכם להוציאו דרך הפתח ולא…”

    4. Seif 442 words

      Opens “תינוק בן ל' יום מוציאים אותו בחיק…”

    5. Seif 565 words

      Opens “בן ל' יום גמורות יוצא בגלוסקמא (פי'…”

    6. Seif 613 words

      Opens “תינוק שמת קודם שנימול מוהלין אותו על…”

    7. Seif 711 words

      Opens “אין מוציאין מת במטה אלא אם כן…”

    Original text

    <b>היאך מוציאין מת גדול או קטן ובאיזו מטה. ובו ז' סעיפים:</b><br>בראשונה היו מגלים פני עשירים ומכסים פני עניים מפני שמשחירים בשנת בצורת והיו עניים חיים מתביישים התקינו שיהיו מכסים פני הכל:

    Formerly, they used to uncover the face of the rich [dead] and cover the face of the poor [dead] because their faces [i.e., of the poor dead] turned black in years of dearth and the surviving poor [near-of-kin] felt ashamed; hence, they ordained that one should cover everyone's face. for other customs which were in vogue formerly but were changed later out of respect to those who would suffer embarrassment. Once the corpse is placed in the coffin and covered one must not open it in order to view the body — Kol Bo ( G ) I, p. 36.

    אין מניחין ספר תורה על מטתו של חכם:

    A scroll of Law is not placed on a scholar's bier. Nowadays even this is no longer practiced — A.H.

    כבודו של חכם להוציאו דרך הפתח ולא לשלשלו דרך גגות ובמטה ראשונה ולא לשנותו ממטה למטה:

    The honour of a scholar [requires] that he be taken out [in his bier] through the door and not to lower him from the roof; and [he should be taken out] on the first bier and not to transfer him from one bier to another.

    תינוק בן ל' יום מוציאים אותו בחיק לבית הקברות ולא בארון ונקבר באשה אחת ושני אנשים אבל לא באיש אחד ושתי נשים משום יחוד ואין עומדים עליו בשורה ואין אומרים עליו ברכת אבלים ותנחומי אבלים ואפי' אי קים לן שכלו לו חדשיו:

    An infant [who dies] within thirty days [after birth] is carried out in one's arms to the cemetery and not in a coffin, and is buried by one woman and two men but not by one man and two women, on account of privacy. And one does not stand in the line [of comforters] for him, nor does one recite for him the mourners' benediction, nor does one offer condolence to the mourners, even if we are certain that his months [of pregnancy] were complete., Tosaf. s.v. ואין contra Rashi .

    בן ל' יום גמורות יוצא בגלוסקמא (פי' ארון ויישם בארון ת"י ושוון יתיה בגלוסקמא. נ"י) הניטלת באגפיים (פי' נסר רחב ופי' אגפיים זרועות) ועומדין עליו בשורה ואומרים עליו ברכת אבלים ותנחומי אבלי' בן י"ב חדש יוצא במטה וכל היוצא במטה רבים מצהיבים עליו ושאינו יוצא במט' אין רבים מצהיבין עליו וכל הניכר לרבים רבים מתעסקים בו וכל שאינו ניכר לרבים אין רבים חייבים להתעסק בו:

    One who is thirty complete days old, is taken out [for burial] in a case, ( i.e., a coffin; 'and he was put in a coffin ', is rendered by Targum Jonathan , ושוון יתיה בגלוסקמא ), — G. גלוסקמא or דלוסקמא is the Greek form γλωσσóκομαν. that is carried in the arms, ( i.e., a wide board; אגפיים means arms ); and one stands in the line [of comforters] for it, and one recites for it the mourners' benediction, and one offers condolence to the mourners. par. 4 and notes. One twelve months old is taken out [for burial] on a bier. For one who is taken out on a bier the public show their grief; for one who is not taken out on a bier the public need not show their grief. in accord with R. Simeon b. Eleazar. And whoever is known to the people at large, the public should attend to him; and whoever is not known to the people at large, the public need not attend to him. in accord with R. Eleazar.

    תינוק שמת קודם שנימול מוהלין אותו על קברו בלא ברכה וקורין לו שם:

    [With respect to] an infant that died § 263, 5; O.Ḥ § 526, 10. before it was circumcised, [the law is that] one circumcises it at its grave M.K. III, who reports this ruling on the authority of R. Naḥshon Gaon. Kol Bo explains that the infant is circumcised in order to remove its disgrace. Hag. Maim. Yad, Milah 1, 15; supra § 263, 5. If they forgot to circumcise it, the grave may be opened for this purpose. Thus Kneseth Ezekiel. Nodah Bihudah rejects this. Me’ir Nethibim writes that if the mother also died, and the infant was buried along with the mother, the grave should not be opened, but the child is named — P.Tesh. This applies even to an infant that was born after eight months of pregnancy — G.Mah. without [reciting the usual] benediction; and one [also] names it [then]. § 263, 5, where Caro adds: ‘as a sign that Heaven should have pity on it, and that it should live at the resurrection of the dead.’

    אין מוציאין מת במטה אלא אם כן היה ראשו ורובו קיים:

    A corpse is not taken out [for burial] on a bier unless its head and the greater part of its body are intact. § 364, 3.

    English translation: Code of Hebrew Law by Chaim N. Denburg, Montreal, 1955 · CC-BY