Commentary page
Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 394
This page gathers the commentary on one source unit: the classic commentaries as they are printed, the sources the text cites, the sages named in it and direct links back to the text.
Read the full text in the readerOrach Chayim Siman 394
Orach Chayim Siman 394 is a source-text unit from the Shulchan Arukh with 3 seifim. Its reading map separates the practical rule, its conditions and the points that need comparison with the surrounding text.
What to track
Read each seif as a separate step. Identify the action, the condition that limits it and any distinction between cases before moving to the next seif.
Study lens
Look for a turn toward a more precise resolution, Shabbat law and sacred time. The source text remains the primary evidence; this note offers a structured way to enter it rather than replacing close reading.
- a turn toward a more precise resolution
- Shabbat law and sacred time
Continue the sequence
Parallel sources
Lessons and study tools
A unit-by-unit map of all 3 seifim on this page: opening words, the moves the text actually makes and a link back to that exact seif.
Original text
<b>ספק עירוב מה דינו. ובו ג סעיפים:</b><br>ספק עירוב כגון ספק אם היה קיים בין השמשו' אם לאו מותר והוא שיהיה לו חזקת כשרו' כגון שהניחו שם ואירע בו ספק אבל אם לא היה לו חזקת כשרו' כגון ספק אם הונח שם אם לאו לא:
*Law regarding a doubtful erev. Containing 3 paragraphs.* A case of doubt regarding an eruv, for example, if there is doubt whether it existed during twilight or not, is permitted, provided it had a presumption of validity. This means it was placed there and then doubt arose about it. However, if there was no presumption of validity, for example, if there is doubt whether it was placed there at all, it is not permitted.
צריך שיהא העירוב בין השמשו' במקום שראוי ליטלו הילכך אם נפל עליו גל ואינו יכול ליטלו בלא מרא וחצינא אסור: הגה והעירוב א"צ להיות קיים רק בין השמשות (טור) ויוכל לאכלו כשודאי חשיכה (הגהות אשירי ומרדכי פרק בכל מערבין) ויש לבצוע עליו בשחרית בשבת (מנהגים) ודוקא במקום שנוהגים לערב כל ערב שבת אבל עדיף טפי לערב על כל השנה בפעם אחת כדלעיל סי' שס"ח (ב"י):
The eruv must be in a place where it is possible to retrieve it during twilight. Therefore, if debris fell upon it and one cannot retrieve it without great effort and tools, it is forbidden. Rema: The eruv need only remain intact during twilight, and may be eaten once it is certainly dark. One should recite a blessing over it on Shabbat morning, but specifically in a place where the practice is to make an eruv every Friday. However, it is even better to make an eruv for the entire year at once, as discussed above in section 368.
נתנו במגדל ונעל בפניו ואבד המפתח קודם שחשכה אם אי אפשר להוציא העירוב אלא אם כן עשה מלאכה גמורה בין השמשו' הרי זה כמו שאבד ואינו עירוב שהרי אי אפשר לאכלו:
If one placed the eruv in a tower and locked it, and the key was lost before nightfall, if it is impossible to remove the eruv unless one performs a complete forbidden labor during twilight, this is equivalent to the eruv being lost, and it is not valid, since it is impossible to eat it.
English translation: Sefaria Community Translation · CC0