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    Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 126

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    Shulchan Arukh · source analysis

    Orach Chayim Siman 126

    Orach Chayim Siman 126 is a source-text unit from the Shulchan Arukh with 4 seifim. Its reading map separates the practical rule, its conditions and the points that need comparison with the surrounding text.

    What to track

    Read each seif as a separate step. Identify the action, the condition that limits it and any distinction between cases before moving to the next seif.

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    Look for a turn toward a more precise resolution, Shabbat law and sacred time. The source text remains the primary evidence; this note offers a structured way to enter it rather than replacing close reading.

    • a turn toward a more precise resolution
    • Shabbat law and sacred time

    A unit-by-unit map of all 4 seifim on this page: opening words, the moves the text actually makes and a link back to that exact seif.

    1. Seif 139 words

      Opens “דין ש"צ שטעה. ובו ד סעיפים: שליח…”

    2. Seif 234 words

      Opens “ש"ץ שטעה ואינו יודע לחזור למקומו יעמוד…”

    3. Seif 369 words

      Opens “כל מקום שהיחיד חוזר ומתפלל ש"ץ חוזר…”

    4. Seif 433 words

      Opens “אם טעה ש"ץ כשהתפלל בלחש לעולם אינו…”

    Original text

    <b>דין ש"צ שטעה. ובו ד סעיפים:</b><br>שליח צבור שטעה ודלג אחת מכל הברכות וכשמזכירין אותו יודע לחזור למקומו אין מסלקין אותו אבל אם דילג בברכת המלשינים מסלקין אותו מיד שמא אפיקורוס הוא ואם התחיל בה וטעה אין מסלקין אותו:

    The Laws of a Prayer Leader Who Erred. Containing 4 S'ifim: A prayer leader who erred and skipped one of the blessings [of the Amidah], but when they reminded [the leader] of it, [the leader] knows to which place to return [in the prayer], they need not remove [the leader from leading]. If, however, [the leader] skipped the "Blessing Concerning the Heretics" ["al ha-Malshinim"], they remove [that leader] immediately because perhaps [the leader] is a heretic [Apikorus]. But if [the leader] began [that blessing] and [then] erred, we do not remove [the leader].

    ש"ץ שטעה ואינו יודע לחזור למקומו יעמוד אחר תחתיו [כדרך שיתבאר לעיל סי' י"ג] ומתחיל מתחלת הברכה שטעה זה אם היה הטעות באמצעיו' ואם הי' בג' ראשונות מתחיל בראש ואם בג' אחרונות מתחיל רצה:

    If a prayer leader erred and does not know to which place to return [in the Amidah], another person should replace [the original leader] (in the manner that was explained above in siman 13). And [the replacement] begins from the beginning of the blessing [where the error occurred]. This is if the erring was in [one of] the middle [blessings], but if [the error] was in one of the first three [blessings], [the replacement] begins from the start [of Amidah]. And if [the error was] in [one of] the latter three [blessings], [the replacement] must begin with [the blessing of] Retzei [the beginning of the latter three].

    כל מקום שהיחיד חוזר ומתפלל ש"ץ חוזר ומתפלל אם טעה כמותו כשמתפלל בקול רם חוץ משחרית של ר"ח שאם שכח ש"ץ ולא הזכיר יעלה ויבא עד שהשלים תפלתו אין מחזירין אותו מפני טורח הצבור שהרי תפלת המוספין לפניו שהוא מזכיר בה ר"ח אבל אם נזכר קודם שהשלים תפלתו חוזר לרצה ואין בזה טורח צבור: הגה י"א דאם טעה בשחרית של שבת ויו"ט דינו כמו בר"ח והכי נהוג [טור וסמ"ק]:

    In any case in which an individual goes back and prays [the individual Amidah again due to a mistake], [so too] a prayer leader goes back and prays [again] if [the prayer leader] erred in like manner when praying [the Amidah] aloud - except for Shacharit of Rosh Chodesh - since if the prayer leader forgot and did not realize [and recite] Ya-aleh V'yavo before [the leader] finished [the leader's] prayer [i.e. Amidah], We do not require [the leader] to go back [and repeat the Amidah again], because this would be a burden for the congregation since after all, the Musaf prayer is still to come and in which [the prayer leader] mentions Rosh Chodesh. But if it was remembered before [the leader] concluded [the leader's] prayer, [the leader] goes back to [the blessing of] Retzei and it is not considered a burden for the congregation. Gloss: There are those who say that if [the leader] made a mistake in Shacharit of Shabbat, or of Yom Tov, the rule is the same as Rosh Chodesh, and this is how we practice (Tur and Sefer Mitzvot Katan])

    אם טעה ש"ץ כשהתפלל בלחש לעולם אינו חוזר ומתפלל שנית מפני טורח הצבור אלא סומך על התפל' שיתפלל בקול רם והוא שלא טעה בג' ראשונות שאם טעה בהם לעולם חוזר כמו שהיחיד חוזר:

    If a prayer leader erred when [the leader] prayed [the Amidah] quietly, [the leader] is never required to go back and pray it a second time, because it is a burden for the congregation. Instead, [the leader] should rely on the [Amidah] prayer that [the leader] will say aloud. And this [applies if] [the leader] did not err in the first three [blessings], because if [the leader] errs in those, [the leader] must always go back[to the beginning], just as an individual goes back.

    English translation: Sefaria Community Translation · CC0