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    Shulchan Arukh, Even HaEzer 158

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    Shulchan Arukh · source analysis

    Even HaEzer Siman 158

    Even HaEzer Siman 158 is a source-text unit from the Shulchan Arukh with 6 seifim. Its reading map separates the practical rule, its conditions and the points that need comparison with the surrounding text.

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    • a practical formulation or normative conclusion

    A unit-by-unit map of all 6 seifim on this page: opening words, the moves the text actually makes and a link back to that exact seif.

    1. Seif 169 words

      Opens “באיזה אופן אשה נאמנת להתייבם ואם עד…”

    2. Seif 227 words

      Opens “הלכה היא ובעלה למדינת הים (לבד) ובאה…”

    3. Seif 373 words

      Opens “נאמן עד אחד להעיד ליבמה שמת בעלה…”

    4. Seif 413 words

      Opens “חמש נשים שאינם מעידות זו לזו שמת…”

    5. Seif 580 words

      Opens “שתי יבמות שבאו ממדינת הים זו אומרת…”

    6. Seif 640 words

      Opens “לא היו להם לא עדים ולא בנים…”

    Original text

    <b>באיזה אופן אשה נאמנת להתייבם ואם עד אחד נאמן. ובו ו סעיפים:</b><br>כשם שהאשה נאמנת לומר מת בעלי שתנשא כך נאמנת לומר מת בעלי שתתייבם והיבם נכנס לנחלה על פיה אבל אינה נאמנת לומר מת יבמי שתנשא לשוק ואין האיש נאמן לומר מת אחי ואיבם את אשתו לפיכך הלכה היא ובעלה ויבמה למדינת הים ובאה ואמרה מת בעלי ואח"כ מת יבמי או מת יבמי ואח"כ מת בעלי אינה נאמנת:

    Similar to that a woman is believed to say: "my husband died", [in order] that she may marry, so she is believed to say: "my husband died", [in order that] she may be married in a levirate marriage, and the yovom (brother who enters into a levirate marriage) enters into the inheritance on her word. But she is not believed to say: "my yovom died" [in order] that she marry to the market. And the man is not believed to say: "my brother died and I will enter into levirate marriage with his wife". Therefore, if she went with her husband and her yovom to a country of the sea, and she came and said: "my husband died and then my yovom died", or, "my yovom died and then my husband died", she is not believed.

    הלכה היא ובעלה למדינת הים (לבד) ובאה ואמרה ניתן לי יבם ומת בין שאמרה מת בעלי ואח"כ מת יבמי בין שאמרה מת יבמי ואח"כ מת בעלי נאמנת:

    If she and her husband went overseas by themselves, and she came [back] and said "a *yavam* was given to me, and he died," whether she said "my husband died, and then my *yavam*," or whether she said "my *yavam* died, and then my husband died," she is believed.

    נאמן עד אחד להעיד ליבמה שמת בעלה ומתיבמת על פיו או שמת יבמה שתנשא לשוק או לומר מת בעליך ואח"כ מת בנך ואפילו עבד או שפחה או אשה או כותי מסיח לפי תומו או עד מפי עד נאמן להעיד במיתת היבם כמו שנאמן במיתת הבעל ודין עדות זו כדין אותו עדות לענין עדים המכחישים זה את זה במיתת היבם לכל דבר: הגה וי"א דאין עד אחד נאמן לומר שמת יבמה להתירה לעלמא :

    A single witness witness is trusted to testify that a *yevamah's* husband died, and she can enter levirate marriage based on his testimony. Or, [to testify] that her husband died, [permitting her] to marry [anyone from] the marketplace. Or to say "Your husband died, and afterward, your son died." And even a male slave, female slave, woman, Samaritan speaking off-the-cuff, or a witness [testifying to] what another witness said is trusted to testify that the *yavam* died, just as he is trusted regarding the death of the husband. And the rule for this testimony is the same as the rule for that testimony regarding witnesses who contradict each other about the death of the *yavam*, for all matters. Rem"a: And there are those who say that a single witness id not trusted to say that her *yavam* died, to permit her to [marry anyone in] the world.

    חמש נשים שאינם מעידות זו לזו שמת בעלה כך אינם מעידות שמת יבמה:

    The five women who cannot testify for each other that [one's] husband died, similarly cannot testify that [one's] *yavam* died.

    שתי יבמות שבאו ממדינת הים זו אומרת מת בעלה וזו אומרת מת בעלה זו אסורה מפני בעלה של זו וזו אסורה מפני בעלה של זו שאין יבמתה נאמנת להעיד לה שמתייבמת כמו שנתבאר היה לאחת מהן עד שמת בעלה זו שיש לה עד אסורה מפני יבמה וזו שאין לה עד מותרת שהרי העיד העד שמת יבמה והיא נאמנת לומר שמת בעלה היו לזו בנים ולזו אין בנים ולשתים אין עדים זו שאין לה בנים אסורה וזו שיש לה בנים מותרת:

    Two sisters-in-law who came from a country [over]seas, this one saying her husband had died and the [other] saying her husband had died -- the [one] is forbidden because of the [other]'s husband and the [other] is forbidden because of the [first one]'s husband. [This is] because one's sister-in-law is not believed to testify for her that her brother-in-law died, as will be explained. [If] one of them had a witness that her husband had died, [then] the one who had a witness is forbidden because of her brother-in-law; the one had no [witness] is permitted, for the witness testified that her brother-in-law had died and she is believed to say her husband died. If the [one] had children and the [other] had no children -- and both had no witnesses -- the one who has no children is forbidden and the one who has children is permitted.

    לא היו להם לא עדים ולא בנים והיו כאן יבם או יבמים ויבמו אותן ומתו גם הם בלא בנים ואין להם אחים אחרים אסורות להנשא לזר כמו שהיו בתחילה אבל אם הניחו אלו בנים או שגרשום בגט מותרות להנשא לזר:

    If they had neither witnesses nor children, and a brother-in-law or brothers-in-law were present and effected levirate marriage with them and [then] died also without children and without further brothers, [then] they are barred from marrying an outsider as they were from the outset. But if these left children or divorced them with a bill [of divorce], they are permitted to marry an outsider.

    English translation: Sefaria Community Translation · CC0