Commentary page
Shulchan Arukh, Choshen Mishpat 53
This page gathers the commentary on one source unit: the classic commentaries as they are printed, the sources the text cites, the sages named in it and direct links back to the text.
Read the full text in the readerChoshen Mishpat Siman 53
Choshen Mishpat Siman 53 is a source-text unit from the Shulchan Arukh with 1 seifim. Its reading map separates the practical rule, its conditions and the points that need comparison with the surrounding text.
What to track
Read each seif as a separate step. Identify the action, the condition that limits it and any distinction between cases before moving to the next seif.
Study lens
Look for rabbinic statements and attributed teachings, a turn toward a more precise resolution. The source text remains the primary evidence; this note offers a structured way to enter it rather than replacing close reading.
- rabbinic statements and attributed teachings
- a turn toward a more precise resolution
Continue the sequence
Parallel sources
Lessons and study tools
A unit-by-unit map of all 1 seifim on this page: opening words, the moves the text actually makes and a link back to that exact seif.
- Seif 190 words
Opens “שלא לשנות השטר. ובו סעיף אחד: מי…”
Original text
<b>שלא לשנות השטר. ובו סעיף אחד:</b><br>מי שיש לו שטר על חבירו במנה ואמר עשו לי שנים מחמשים חמשים או שיש לו שנים של חמשים חמשים ואמר שיעשו לו א' של מנה אין שומעין לו: הגה ואפי' ידעי' שאין השטר הראשון פרוע אסור לשנות אלא מרצון הלוה (המגיד פכ"ג מה' מלוה ורבינו ירוחם) ואפילו יש לו א' של מאה ואומר שיקרעוהו ויעשה לו א' של חמשים אין שומעין לו שמא פרע לו אותו של ק' וכתב לו עליו שובר ויוציא זה של חמשים ויאמר זה שטר אחר הוא ויגבה בו:
1. Not To Modify the Document, 1 Seif: If a person has a document against his friend for one maneh and he says to modify it to two documents of 50 each or if he has two documents of 50 each and says to make one document of 100 for him, we would not listen to him. RAMA: It is forbidden to modify the document, even if they know that the first loan has not been paid back, unless they have the consent of the borrower. (HaMagid, Perek 23; Rabbeinu Yerucham) Even if a lender has one document of 100 and says to tear it up and replace with a document for 50, we would not listen to him, because the borrower may have paid back the 100 and the lender gave him a receipt and now the lender will produce the document of 50 and say this is a different document and he will be able to collect with it.
English translation: Sefaria Community Translation · CC0